Truck Accident Laws Every Texas Driver Should Know

Unlike ordinary car wrecks, truck accidents are governed by layers of federal safety regulations that affect liability, evidence, and compensation. Texas’s truck accident laws often determine whether fault falls solely on a driver or extends to a trucking company, shipper, or maintenance provider.

The purpose of this guide is to introduce injured Texans to the laws that affect their truck accident case and, ultimately, the success of their recovery. If you live in were hurt in a crash with a commercial truck, speaking with a lawyer familiar with trucking regulations in Houston, Dallas, or San Antonio can make a meaningful difference in how your case is handled.

Understanding Truck Accidents

Truck accidents differ from standard car crashes in both severity and complexity. Because commercial trucks are heavily regulated and capable of causing catastrophic harm, the legal analysis after a crash is often far more complicated.

Key Differences Between Truck and Car Crashes

Commercial trucks weigh significantly more than passenger vehicles and require longer stopping distances. When collisions happen, the resulting injuries are often severe or life-altering. Beyond the physical impact, truck accidents are also subject to additional safety rules that do not apply to everyday drivers.

Another major difference is liability. In a typical car crash, responsibility usually rests with one or two drivers. In a truck accident case, however, fault may extend beyond the driver to include the trucking company, cargo loader, maintenance contractor, or even a freight broker. This layered responsibility is one reason truck accident cases often require deeper investigation and specialized legal experience.

Common Causes of Trucking Accidents in Texas

Many truck crashes are preventable and tied directly to safety violations. Some of the most common truck accident causes include:

• Speeding or driving too fast for conditions
• Driver fatigue and hours-of-service violations
• Distracted driving, including phone use
• Unsafe or improper lane changes
• Unsecured or shifting cargo
• Poor vehicle maintenance
• Failure to follow federal rest and inspection rules

Proving that one or more of these violations occurred is often the key to holding drivers and trucking companies accountable. Evidence showing regulatory noncompliance can dramatically strengthen a claim and support full compensation for injured victims.

Key Texas Truck Accident Laws

Truck accident laws in Texas come from two main sources: state statutes, such as the Texas Transportation Code, and federal safety rules established by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA). These laws set strict standards for how trucks operate on Texas roads, and when drivers or commercial trucking companies break them, the violations can serve as powerful evidence in a truck accident case.

Basic Texas Traffic and Safety Rules for Trucks

Commercial trucks must follow the same traffic laws as other drivers, including speed limits, lane-use rules, and safe following distances. Additionally, Texas imposes truck-specific restrictions, including designated routes, lower speed limits in certain areas, and requirements related to vehicle size and weight.

Violations like speeding, unsafe lane changes, or failing to secure cargo can result in traffic citations or criminal penalties. In a civil injury claim, those same violations may also be used to demonstrate negligence, strengthening the injured person’s case against the driver and trucking company.

Weight, Load, and Unsecured Cargo Laws

Texas and federal law strictly regulate how much weight a commercial truck can carry and how cargo must be secured. Trucks that exceed weight limits or fail to properly secure their loads create serious hazards for everyone on the road. Oversized or overweight vehicles often require special permits, and companies must follow detailed safety procedures when transporting these loads.

When an unsecured load leads to falling debris, property damage, or serious injury, the legal consequences can be severe. These violations frequently support strong claims against both drivers and the companies responsible for loading and inspecting cargo.

House Bill 19 and Litigation Against Trucking Companies

House Bill 19 recently changed how lawsuits against trucking companies are handled. In many cases, trials may now be split into separate phases, limiting what evidence juries hear about a trucking company’s conduct until certain thresholds are met.
These procedural changes can make truck accident cases more complex and give trucking companies additional defenses. For those pursuing personal injury claims, it is especially valuable to work with truck accident attorneys who understand how to navigate House Bill 19 and related procedural rules.

Texas Comparative Fault and Statute of Limitations

Texas follows a modified comparative negligence system. Under this rule, injured individuals may recover damages as long as they are not more than 50% responsible for the crash. Any compensation awarded is reduced in proportion to the person’s percentage of fault.

Additionally, most truck accident lawsuits must also be filed within two years of the crash date. This deadline is set by the general statute of limitations for personal injury claims under Texas Civil Practice & Remedies Code §16.003. Missing this deadline can permanently bar recovery—even in serious cases.

Federal Trucking Regulations That Affect Texas Claims

In addition to Texas laws, FMCSA regulations govern interstate trucking operations and set nationwide standards for driver qualifications, hours of service, and vehicle maintenance. Violating these rules can help establish the commercial trucking company’s negligence in a Texas injury claim.

Driver Qualification and Training Requirements

Federal regulations require commercial drivers to hold proper commercial driver’s licenses and meet specific medical and training standards. Drivers transporting hazardous materials or oversized loads must satisfy additional qualification and training requirements before operating on public roads.

A semi truck accident lawyer will often examine whether the driver and employer complied with these rules. Missing certifications, expired medical cards, or inadequate training can point to broader safety failures within a trucking operation.

Hours-of-Service and Fatigue Rules

Federal hours-of-service regulations limit how long most commercial drivers may operate before taking mandatory rest breaks. These limits are designed to reduce fatigue-related crashes, which remain a leading cause of serious truck accidents.
Violations are commonly recorded through electronic logging devices and can be among the strongest evidence in fatigue-related truck accident cases.

Inspection, Maintenance, and Repair Rules

Commercial carriers must regularly inspect, maintain, and repair their vehicles. Federal rules require pre-trip inspections and detailed records covering critical systems such as brakes, tires, lights, and steering components.

When inspection reports are missing, incomplete, or falsified, they may reveal a pattern of neglect. Evidence of poor maintenance often supports claims that a trucking company prioritized profits over safety, increasing its exposure to liability after a crash.

Liability in a Texas Truck Accident Case

Because commercial trucking is a regulated industry with multiple layers of oversight, several parties may share liability when safety rules are ignored and a crash occurs.

Who Can Be Held Responsible?

Texas truck accident laws recognize vicarious liability, which means a trucking company may be held responsible for a driver’s negligence when the driver is acting within the scope of employment. This is common in truck accident cases involving company drivers operating on assigned routes or schedules.

Other potentially responsible parties may include:

• Freight brokers or shippers that pressure drivers to meet unrealistic deadlines
• Cargo loaders that improperly secure freight
• Maintenance contractors who fail to repair known defects
• Manufacturers that produce unsafe truck components

Identifying all responsible parties is a critical step in maximizing recovery after a serious crash.

Evidence in Truck Accident Claims

Truck accident cases rely on specialized evidence, including:

• Electronic logging device data showing driving hours and rest periods
• “Black box” or engine control module data recording speed and braking
• Driver logbooks and qualification files
• Bills of lading and cargo records
• Maintenance and inspection reports
• Dispatch communications and route instructions
• Company safety manuals and compliance policies

This information can be lost or overwritten if it is not preserved quickly. Acting fast after a crash ensures critical evidence remains available to support a claim.

Damages Available in Texas Truck Accident Cases

Because truck accidents often cause catastrophic injuries, the damages involved are frequently substantial. Injured individuals may seek compensation for:

• Medical expenses
• Future medical care
• Lost wages
• Reduced earning capacity
• Property damage
• Non-economic damages, including pain and suffering, emotional distress, and disfigurement

In especially serious cases, Texas law may allow punitive damages when conduct is extremely reckless. Examples include knowingly violating safety regulations or allowing an unqualified or fatigued driver to remain on the road despite known risks.

What To Do After a Truck Accident in Texas

The steps taken immediately after a truck accident can have a lasting impact on both health and legal rights. Commercial trucking cases often move quickly, making early action especially important.

Immediate Safety and Reporting Steps

After a truck collision, it is important to:

1. Call 911 to report the crash and request emergency medical help
2. Move to a safe location if it can be done safely
3. Cooperate with law enforcement and file a police report

Police reports and early medical records frequently play a central role in proving what happened and linking injuries to the crash.

Preserving Evidence at the Scene and After

If possible, take photos or videos of the vehicles, roadway, cargo, and visible injuries to document conditions at the time of the crash. Collecting witness contact information and noting signs of fatigue, distraction, or mechanical failure can also be helpful.

Truck accident attorneys may send formal preservation letters to trucking companies to prevent key records from being destroyed or altered. These letters are often crucial in protecting electronic data and internal documents.

Dealing With Insurance Companies

Trucking companies typically carry large commercial insurance policies, and insurers often respond quickly after a crash. Adjusters may request recorded statements, broad medical authorizations, or early settlements that do not reflect the full value of a claim.

Before providing detailed statements or signing documents, injured individuals should speak with a semi truck accident lawyer who understands how commercial insurers operate and how to protect their clients’ rights.

How AK Law Firm Handles Truck Accident Cases in Texas

Truck accident cases demand a deep understanding of both Texas law and federal trucking regulations. The truck accident attorneys at AK Law Firm focus on these complex claims and understand how safety violations, corporate policies, and insurance tactics affect injured clients’ outcomes.

AK Law Firm investigates every aspect of a crash, from driver conduct and vehicle maintenance to company-wide safety practices. The firm works to coordinate medical care, identify all responsible parties, and pursue full compensation while clients focus on their recovery.

With experience handling serious truck accident cases along major Texas corridors such as I-10, I-35, and I-45, AK Law Firm represents injured clients through offices in Houston, Dallas, and San Antonio.

If you or a loved one was seriously injured in a collision with a commercial truck, help is available. Call now to request a free consultation with a Texas truck accident attorney and learn how truck accident laws may affect your case.

FAQ: Truck Accident Laws in Texas

Who can be held liable in a Texas truck accident case?

Liability may extend to multiple parties, including the truck driver, the trucking company, a freight broker, cargo loaders, maintenance providers, or parts manufacturers. A truck accident attorney will review contracts, corporate relationships, and safety records to identify every party that may share responsibility for the crash.

How long do I have to file a truck accident lawsuit in Texas?

In most cases, injured individuals have two years from the date of the crash to file a personal injury or property damage lawsuit. Certain situations, such as accidents involving government vehicles, may involve different deadlines. Contact a semi truck accident lawyer as early as possible to avoid missing deadlines and losing evidence.

What should I do if a trucking company’s insurer contacts me after a crash?

It is generally best to avoid giving recorded statements, signing medical releases, or accepting settlement offers before speaking with experienced truck accident attorneys. Commercial insurers are focused on limiting payouts, and early offers may not reflect the full scope of your injuries or future costs.

How much does it cost to hire a truck accident lawyer in Texas?

AK Law Firm will handle your case on a contingency-fee basis. This means there are no upfront fees, and legal fees are only paid if compensation is recovered. During their free consultation, clients should ask about fee percentages, case expenses, and how costs are handled if the case does not succeed.